Serbia and Montenegro became the official name of the nation as of February 4, 2003, because of the process of transformation of the country formerly known as The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Serbia and Montenegro is the largest descendant of the former Socialistic Federative Republic of Yugoslavia and made up of two republics: Serbia and Montenegro.
Within Serbia, there are two quasi-independent provinces, Vojvodina and Kosovo. Kosovo has been under the supervision of the United Nations from 1999. Linguistic politics and manipulations of the history, official status and names of different tongues took an important role in the number of intra-national conflicts that happened from 1990 to 1999 and it is still a very delicate problem in the total area of the peninsula. Best English into Italian translation
The state tongue of the Republic of Serbia is Serbian (with over 6 000 000 speakers in the territory of Serbia aside from Kosovo, or 88% of the population); the same judicial status is given to both the Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet, but the former is preferred for Serbian authorities. Less spread languages, which are also in governmental disposal in the parts where they are spoken, are Hungarian (according to the 2002 census data of the StatsOffice of the Republic of Serbia, approximated at 286 500 natives), Bosnian (134 500 speakers), Romanian (82 000 speakers), Albanian (63 500 citizens), Slovakian (57 500 speakers), Valachian (55 000 speakers), Romanian (34 500 speakers), Croatian (27 500 natives), Bulgarian (16 500 speakers), and Macedonian (14 500 speakers). Minority tongues are used at all levels of upbringing: in early schools, gymnasiums, and at technical schools and academies. One linguistic consequence of the political and ethnic processes of the last decade of XX century is that the language that previously was officially called Serbo-Croat has received a number of new ethnically and politically grounded names. Thus, the names Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnianare politically engaged and refer to the same language with possible slight variations. The language has a couple major dialects, Ekavian and Ijekavian.
Although, in general, Ekavian is spoken more in Serbia (and parts of Croatia), and Ijekavian is spoken more in Montenegro (and also in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and parts of Croatia), these dialects do not coincide with the ethnically motivated titles.
The language map in Kosovo is less clear at present, because about 300 000 refugees from this region, mostly Serbs, are still on the stage of returning to their homes. This situation makes the numbers of speakers reported unpredictable. These days, by the authority of Kosovo, about 1 670 000, or 88% of the inhabitants of Kosovo, speak Albanian, and about 133 000, or 7%, are speakers of Serbian. The remains of the population (5%) speaks mostly Romanian, Bosnian, Greek. HQ-translate: from English into Greek translation
The title tongue of the Republic of Montenegro is Serbian, but there are recent tendencies to enter the term Montenegrin, either parallel to or instead of the term Serbian. Similar as with Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian, this term refers to the same language that was named Serbo-Croat, and is first of all a subject of political resolutions and convictions.
The Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet are officially in use. The 2003 census data from the Statistical Institute of the Republic of Montenegro demonstrate that around 401 500, or 60% of the citizens of Montenegro, declare themselves as speakers of Serbian, about 145 000 (22%) speak Montenegrin, nearly 49 500 (7%) speak Albanian, 29 000 (4%) are speakers of Bosnian, and about 3000 speak other languages.